What Is a Water Cremation

Water cremation, also known as alkaline hydrolysis or aquamation, is an emerging green burial option that is eco-friendly and gently returns a person’s remains back to the circle of life. But what exactly is a water cremation? How does it work, and why might you consider it for yourself or a loved one?

What is Water Cremation?

Water cremation, or alkaline hydrolysis, is a gentle, eco-friendly method of disposition that uses water instead of fire to transform a body into ash. This process uses water, potassium hydroxide, heat and pressure to accelerate the natural decomposition process, leaving only bone fragments behind, which are then cooled and returned to the family as ashes.

The Process of Water Cremation

The process of water cremation begins with placing the body in a pressure vessel submerged in a solution of water and potassium hydroxide. The vessel is then heated to a high temperature, under pressure, accelerating the natural decomposition process.

Benefits of Water Cremation

• Eco-Friendly: One of the major benefits of water cremation is its low environmental impact. It uses 1/10th the natural gas of flame-based cremation and a fraction of the carbon footprint.
• Gentleness: Water cremation is a gentle process that mimics the natural decomposition process, thereby preserving more bone fragments and resulting in more "ashes" for the family.
• Versatility of Ashes: The remains from water cremation are safe to scatter, bury, or keep in an urn, just like traditional cremation ashes.

Legalization of Water Cremation

As of now, water cremation is legal in several U.S. states and a few countries around the world, but it's still relatively new and not yet widely available everywhere. Before deciding on this process, check with your local government or a trusted funeral professional to determine if water cremation is a legal and available option.

What Is a Water Cremation Example:

For example, imagine your mother was a passionate environmentalist who devoted her life to preserving our planet. She passes away, and you need to decide how to honor her beliefs in the most respectful way possible. You research water cremation, realising it aligns with the values she upheld in her lifetime. You then decide on this process, and her remains are returned to nature in a truly eco-friendly, respectful way, aligning with the values she held dear.

Frequently Asked Questions

What exactly is water cremation?

Water cremation, also known as alkaline hydrolysis, is an environmentally-friendly alternative to traditional flame-based cremation. It involves breaking down the deceased's body using a solution of water and potassium hydroxide (or sometimes sodium hydroxide) heated to an elevated temperature, but not boiling, in a pressurized vessel. This process rapidly accelerates the natural decomposition that takes place after burial, resulting in a small quantity of bone fragments and a sterile liquid.

Is water cremation legal everywhere?

No, water cremation is not legal everywhere. As of my knowledge cutoff in 2023, its legality varies by jurisdiction. Some states in the USA, as well as certain countries, allow it, while others are yet to legalize it. It's important to check the laws specific to your region.

How long does a water cremation take?

A water cremation typically takes between 3 to 6 hours to complete, depending on the equipment used and the body's size. This timeframe can be comparable to flame-based cremation.

What happens to the remains after a water cremation?

After a water cremation, the remaining bone fragments are processed into a fine, white, sand-like ash. These ashes can be returned to the family for memorialization or interment, just like with traditional cremation. The sterile liquid byproduct is typically disposed of through the sewage system.

How does the cost of water cremation compare to traditional cremation?

The cost of water cremation is often comparable to, or slightly higher than, traditional flame cremation. Prices vary depending on the provider and location. It is advisable to discuss pricing with your chosen funeral provider for the most accurate estimate.

Is the liquid byproduct of water cremation harmful to the environment?

No, the liquid byproduct of water cremation is sterile and contains no DNA. It is usually neutralized during the process, rendering it harmless to the environment before it is disposed of into the sewage system.

Can all bodies be cremated using water cremation?

Most bodies can be cremated using water cremation. However, there might be exceptions due to specific medical devices or certain physical conditions. It's best to consult with a funeral provider for specific eligibility.

What are the environmental benefits of water cremation?

Water cremation has several environmental benefits. It uses less energy than traditional cremation, does not emit carbon dioxide or other harmful greenhouse gases, and avoids the mercury emissions associated with dental amalgam in flame cremation. Additionally, it does not require a casket or burial vault, reducing the use of valuable resources.

Can families witness the water cremation process?

Whether families can witness the process of water cremation depends on the facility. Some may offer the ability for families to be present or to have ceremonies, while others might not due to the nature of the process or health and safety policies. It's advisable to ask the provider about their specific policy on this matter.

What do people typically do with the ashes from a water cremation?

People often treat the ashes from a water cremation similarly to how they would treat ashes from a traditional cremation. They might keep them in an urn, scatter them in a special place, place them in a columbarium niche, or incorporate them into objects such as glass art or memorial diamonds.

Is a casket needed for water cremation?

No, a traditional casket is not necessary for water cremation. Biodegradable containers are typically used to transport the body respectfully into the alkaline hydrolysis machine.

What is the difference between water cremation and green burial?

Water cremation reduces the body to ashes using an alkaline solution, whereas green burial involves burying the body in a biodegradable casket or shroud without a vault, allowing it to decompose naturally in the soil without embalming chemicals. Both are environmentally friendly options, but they differ in process and the state of remains.

How do I arrange for a water cremation?

To arrange for a water cremation, you'll need to find a funeral home or provider that offers the service. They can guide you through the necessary paperwork and process, ensuring that you comply with local laws and regulations.

What kind of urn is suitable for ashes from water cremation?

Any urn that can hold ashes is suitable for water cremation remains. There are specific biodegradable urns that can be used if you're looking for an environmentally friendly option, or you may choose more traditional urns made from materials like metal, ceramic, or wood.

Is it possible to have a viewing or funeral service before a water cremation?

Yes, it is possible to have a viewing or funeral service before a water cremation. The body is usually preserved through refrigeration instead of embalming, which is typically not compatible with alkaline hydrolysis. The funeral provider can accommodate the timing of the service to meet the family's needs.

How is water cremation seen by different religions?

Religious views on water cremation vary greatly. Some religions that allow cremation may also accept water cremation, while others may have specific rituals and beliefs about the treatment of the deceased that preclude cremation in any form. It's essential to consult with religious leaders within your community for guidance.

Are the ashes from water cremation different in appearance from traditional cremation?

Yes, there is a difference in appearance. The ashes from water cremation are usually more uniform in color and texture, appearing as a pure, fine, white dust due to the absence of carbonized material present in flame cremation ashes.

What should I consider when choosing between water and traditional cremation?

When choosing between water and traditional cremation, consider environmental impact, cost, legal availability in your region, personal beliefs, and how you plan to memorialize the deceased. It's also important to consider the wishes of the deceased if known, and discuss options with family and the funeral provider.

How do I know if a funeral home offers water cremation?

To find out if a funeral home offers water cremation, you can contact them directly or check their website. As this service is still emerging, you may need to do some research or ask for referrals to find a provider that offers it in your area.

Can personal items be placed in the water cremation machine with the body?

Typically, personal items are not allowed to be placed in the water cremation machine with the body, as they can interfere with the process or be damaged. However, non-toxic items that are soluble may be permitted. It's best to ask the facility about their specific policies regarding personal items.

Is there any special preparation needed for the body before a water cremation?

The body does not require special preparation such as embalming before water cremation, but some preparations such as removing pacemakers and certain medical implants may be necessary to ensure safety and meet legal requirements. The body is typically washed and placed in a biodegradable container before the process begins. The funeral provider will take care of these steps.

Choosing a green burial such as water cremation might seem unusual, but for many individuals and families, it serves as an ideal way to honour their beloved and the environment simultaneously. Please share this article with anyone you think may benefit from learning about this emerging burial option. If you're looking for guidance on eulogies or dealing with the loss of a loved one, explore our other guides on Eulogy Assistant or consider using our eulogy writing tool for personalized help.